Thursday, July 21, 2022
Wednesday, July 20, 2022
THE DIFFICULTIES OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
THE DIFFICULTIES OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
There are numerous anecdotes about the difficulties of people travelling in foreign countries without knowledge of the language of that country. Here’s the story of a Frenchman travelling in the United States who, while eating in a restaurant, wished to order some mushrooms. Unable to make himself understood, he asked for a pencil and paper and carefully drew a picture of a mushroom. His drawing, however, was not too good, for the puzzled waiter returned in about ten menu not with an order of mushrooms, but with a large man’s umbrella.Another similar story concerns two Americans travelling in Spain. They were both unable to speak a word of Spanish and one day, while eating in a restaurant in a small village, they were having considerable difficulty in explaining to the waiter what they wanted. One of them wanted a glass of milk. The waiter seemed unable to understand.Finally, on the back of the menu the man drew a picture of a cow. The poor waiter, however, still seemed puzzled. Finally he left and was gone from the restaurant for half an hour or so. He returned very pleased with himself. There were two tickets for a bullfight in his hand.
There are numerous anecdotes about the difficulties of people travelling in foreign countries without knowledge of the language of that country. Here’s the story of a Frenchman travelling in the United States who, while eating in a restaurant, wished to order some mushrooms. Unable to make himself understood, he asked for a pencil and paper and carefully drew a picture of a mushroom. His drawing, however, was not too good, for the puzzled waiter returned in about ten menu not with an order of mushrooms, but with a large man’s umbrella.
Another similar story concerns two Americans travelling in Spain. They were both unable to speak a word of Spanish and one day, while eating in a restaurant in a small village, they were having considerable difficulty in explaining to the waiter what they wanted. One of them wanted a glass of milk. The waiter seemed unable to understand.Finally, on the back of the menu the man drew a picture of a cow. The poor waiter, however, still seemed puzzled. Finally he left and was gone from the restaurant for half an hour or so. He returned very pleased with himself. There were two tickets for a bullfight in his hand.
Посмотрите видео, запишите в тетрадь как образуется данное время и когда употребляется. Выучите.
Напишите предложения, используя Perfect Progressive (совершенное длительное) и for или since. Переведите на русский язык.
1. Kevin is studying. He began studying three hours ago.He _______for three hours.
2. I’m learning Spanish. I started learning Spanish in December.I ________since December.
3. Ann is looking for a job. She began looking two months ago.She ________for two months.
4. Mary is working in London. She started working there on 18 January.She_________since 18 January.
5. George plays golf. He started playing five years ago.He_______ for five years.
6. Tom writes short stories. He began writing last year.He _______ since last year.
7. Miss Stone dances ballet. She began dancing when she was four.She _______since she was four.
8. It is raining now. It began raining two hours ago.It ________ for two hours.
_______________________________________________________________
HW
EXERCISE 1. СОСТАВЬТЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ В THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE.
- I/to read/this book/for three days.
- We/to play volleyball/ for twenty minutes.
- She/to clean/the flat/for more than an hour.
- Peter/to swim/for half an hour.
- Anna/to speak/on the phone/for an hour now.
- You/to wait/for a bus/for ten minutes only.
- Nelly and Mary/to do the shopping/since early morning.
- It/to snow/since last night.
- Jack and his friend/ to ride bikes/for three hours now.
- The teacher/to explain/ a grammar rule/since the beginning of the lesson.
Exercise 2. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.
- I/to read/this book/for three days.
- We/to play volleyball/ for twenty minutes.
- She/to clean/the flat/for more than an hour.
- Peter/to swim/for half an hour.
- Anna/to speak/on the phone/for an hour now.
- You/to wait/for a bus/for ten minutes only.
- Nelly and Mary/to do the shopping/since early morning.
- It/to snow/since last night.
- Jack and his friend/ to ride bikes/for three hours now.
- The teacher/to explain/ a grammar rule/since the beginning of the lesson.
Exercise 2. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.
- Helen … (to wash) the dishes for fifteen minutes.
- My classmates … (to write) a dictation since the beginning of the lesson.
- Sam … (to drive) a car for five hours now.
- I … (to look) for information on the subject since last Friday.
- Molly … (to paint) this picture for three days now.
- The tourists … (to do) the sightseeing since nine o’clock.
- You … (to work) as a computer programmer for more than fifteen years.
- The wind … (to blow) since yesterday.
- My grandfather … (to collect) coins since he was a boy.
- Andy and Den … (to discuss) the plans for their winter holidays for two hours now.
Exercise 3. Сделайте предложения отрицательными.
- Helen … (to wash) the dishes for fifteen minutes.
- My classmates … (to write) a dictation since the beginning of the lesson.
- Sam … (to drive) a car for five hours now.
- I … (to look) for information on the subject since last Friday.
- Molly … (to paint) this picture for three days now.
- The tourists … (to do) the sightseeing since nine o’clock.
- You … (to work) as a computer programmer for more than fifteen years.
- The wind … (to blow) since yesterday.
- My grandfather … (to collect) coins since he was a boy.
- Andy and Den … (to discuss) the plans for their winter holidays for two hours now.
Exercise 3. Сделайте предложения отрицательными.
- You have been writing a report since morning.
- We have been working in the garden for three hours.
- I have been typing letters since ten o’clock.
- Tom has been running for twenty minutes.
- A cat has been sitting in the tree for an hour.
- Jane has been studying English for two years.
- They have been building this house for more than a year.
- My parents have been travelling for a week.
- I have been having a lesson for fifteen minutes now.
- They have been walking since afternoon.
Exercise 4. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.
- You have been writing a report since morning.
- We have been working in the garden for three hours.
- I have been typing letters since ten o’clock.
- Tom has been running for twenty minutes.
- A cat has been sitting in the tree for an hour.
- Jane has been studying English for two years.
- They have been building this house for more than a year.
- My parents have been travelling for a week.
- I have been having a lesson for fifteen minutes now.
- They have been walking since afternoon.
Exercise 4. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.
- Kevin … (to fish) since early morning.
- Kim … (not to pack) her things for so long.
- You … (to iron) clothes all day.
- Allan … (not to wear) this jacket for three years.
- I … (not to walk) a dog since four o’clock.
- Monica and Sue …(to paint) the walls of the house since ten o’clock in the morning.
- Mr May … (to read) this article for more than half an hour now.
- It … (not to rain) since afternoon.
- My neighbours … (to make) a noise since seven o’clock in the morning.
- Brad … (to try) to catch a taxi for fifteen minutes now.
Exercise 5. Сделайте предложения вопросительными.
- Kevin … (to fish) since early morning.
- Kim … (not to pack) her things for so long.
- You … (to iron) clothes all day.
- Allan … (not to wear) this jacket for three years.
- I … (not to walk) a dog since four o’clock.
- Monica and Sue …(to paint) the walls of the house since ten o’clock in the morning.
- Mr May … (to read) this article for more than half an hour now.
- It … (not to rain) since afternoon.
- My neighbours … (to make) a noise since seven o’clock in the morning.
- Brad … (to try) to catch a taxi for fifteen minutes now.
Exercise 5. Сделайте предложения вопросительными.
- We have been skating since eleven o’clock.
- Lucy has been learning this poem for twenty minutes.
- You have been writing this article since afternoon.
- My parents have been working in the hospital for thirteen years.
- The music has been playing for three hours.
- We have been speaking since five o’clock.
- Beth has been taking a bath for thirty-five minutes.
- They have been preparing for the test for two days.
- The baby has been crying for half an hour.
- He has been boating for four hours.
Exercise 6. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.
- We have been skating since eleven o’clock.
- Lucy has been learning this poem for twenty minutes.
- You have been writing this article since afternoon.
- My parents have been working in the hospital for thirteen years.
- The music has been playing for three hours.
- We have been speaking since five o’clock.
- Beth has been taking a bath for thirty-five minutes.
- They have been preparing for the test for two days.
- The baby has been crying for half an hour.
- He has been boating for four hours.
Exercise 6. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.
- … Jenny … (to wait) for her flight in the airport since twelve o’clock? — No, she …. She … (to wait) for her flight for forty minutes now.
- Can I talk with you? — Sorry, I’m busy. I … (to look) for one important paper for more than twenty minutes now and can’t find it.
- Is Ed at home? — No, he is in the gym. He … (to train) since five o’clock.
- … your mother …(to work) as a manager for ten years? — No, she …. She … (to work) as a manager for eighteen years.
- Is Philip fixing the washing-machine? — Yes, he … (to fix) it since nine o’clock.
- Alison and Cindy … (not to paint) the walls in the room for two hours. They … (to work) since morning.
- The Petersons … (to build) their house for three years now.
- Is mother in the kitchen? — Yes, she … (to cook) since four o’clock.
- You look tired! — Well, I … (to gather) strawberries for more than two hours.
- Where is Ben? — He is in his room. He … (to listen) to music since afternoon.
Составляя специальные вопросы в настоящем совершенном длительном времени, слова распологают в таком порядке: : вопросительное слово (Wh-word), вспомогательный глагол have/has, подлежащее, глагол been и глагол-сказуемое (с окончанием -ing).
Wh-word + have + l/you/we/they + been + Ving
Wh-word + has + he/she/it/ + been + Ving?
Например:
What have you been doing? How long has he been working?
Вопросы к подлежащему образуются только с помощью вспомогательного глагола has:
Who has been crying?
- … Jenny … (to wait) for her flight in the airport since twelve o’clock? — No, she …. She … (to wait) for her flight for forty minutes now.
- Can I talk with you? — Sorry, I’m busy. I … (to look) for one important paper for more than twenty minutes now and can’t find it.
- Is Ed at home? — No, he is in the gym. He … (to train) since five o’clock.
- … your mother …(to work) as a manager for ten years? — No, she …. She … (to work) as a manager for eighteen years.
- Is Philip fixing the washing-machine? — Yes, he … (to fix) it since nine o’clock.
- Alison and Cindy … (not to paint) the walls in the room for two hours. They … (to work) since morning.
- The Petersons … (to build) their house for three years now.
- Is mother in the kitchen? — Yes, she … (to cook) since four o’clock.
- You look tired! — Well, I … (to gather) strawberries for more than two hours.
- Where is Ben? — He is in his room. He … (to listen) to music since afternoon.
Составляя специальные вопросы в настоящем совершенном длительном времени, слова распологают в таком порядке: : вопросительное слово (Wh-word), вспомогательный глагол have/has, подлежащее, глагол been и глагол-сказуемое (с окончанием -ing).
Wh-word + have + l/you/we/they + been + VingWh-word + has + he/she/it/ + been + Ving?
Например:
What have you been doing? How long has he been working?
Вопросы к подлежащему образуются только с помощью вспомогательного глагола has:
Who has been crying?
EXERCISE 7. СОСТАВЬТЕ ВОПРОС К ВЫДЕЛЕННЫМ СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЯМ.
- He has been speaking to his friend for an hour.
- We have been whitewashing the trees in the garden for two hours.
- You have been telling us about your work since five o’clock.
- She has been translating this text for half an hour.
- They have been having lunch in the canteen since one o’clock.
Exercise 8. Составьте предложения, используя the Present Perfect Continuous Tense.
- He has been speaking to his friend for an hour.
- We have been whitewashing the trees in the garden for two hours.
- You have been telling us about your work since five o’clock.
- She has been translating this text for half an hour.
- They have been having lunch in the canteen since one o’clock.
Exercise 8. Составьте предложения, используя the Present Perfect Continuous Tense.
- What/she/to read/since ten o’clock?
- Where/we/to drive/ so long?
- Den/not to ride/his motor-bike/since three o’clock.
- Dolly and Carol/to plant/flowers in the greenhouse for about an hour.
- How long/Brian/to learn/English?
- Linda/to prepare/for her test/since eight o’clock?
- Whom/you/to talk with/for fifty minutes?
- Where/they/to play/tennis/since afternoon?
- The baby/to sleep/for three hours now.
- We/ not to climb/this mountain/for an hour.
Exercise 9. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму и прочитайте шутку.
- What/she/to read/since ten o’clock?
- Where/we/to drive/ so long?
- Den/not to ride/his motor-bike/since three o’clock.
- Dolly and Carol/to plant/flowers in the greenhouse for about an hour.
- How long/Brian/to learn/English?
- Linda/to prepare/for her test/since eight o’clock?
- Whom/you/to talk with/for fifty minutes?
- Where/they/to play/tennis/since afternoon?
- The baby/to sleep/for three hours now.
- We/ not to climb/this mountain/for an hour.
Exercise 9. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму и прочитайте шутку.
A girl is speaking on the phone. She … (to speak) for forty- five minutes now. Her father … (to wait) for an important call since afternoon and he is becoming angry. «How long … you … (to speak), Kate?» cries her father. Kate quickly hangs up the receiver. Her father looks puzzled, «Usually you speak for hours! What has happened now?» «Wrong number», answers Kate.
Exercise 10. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.
A girl is speaking on the phone. She … (to speak) for forty- five minutes now. Her father … (to wait) for an important call since afternoon and he is becoming angry. «How long … you … (to speak), Kate?» cries her father. Kate quickly hangs up the receiver. Her father looks puzzled, «Usually you speak for hours! What has happened now?» «Wrong number», answers Kate.
Exercise 10. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.
- Put on your raincoat. It… (to rain) since night.
- Is Frank in his room? What … he … (to do)? — He … (to prepare) for the French test.
- Are Sue and Liz still in the garden? They … (to water) the flowers for an hour now! — No, they … (not to water) the flowers. They … (to weed) for more than an hour.
- How long … you … (to travel) around the country? — I… (to travel) for two weeks now.
- Ron should be careful. He … (to sunbathe) since eight o’clock.
- Whom … your boss … (to shout) at? — He … (to shout) at his new manager. She … (to work) in this office for only three days.
- Cindy is worried. She … (to wait) for her parents to come home since six o’clock.
- What …they … (to write) since three o’clock? — They … (to write) an article for the scientific journal.
- Aren’t Julia and Andrew at home yet? — They are still preparing for the conference in the library. They … (to prepare) for this conference for a week now.
- How long … Mr Kane … (to wash) his car? — He … (to wash) it for more than an hour now.
Exercise 11. Переведите на английский язык.
- Put on your raincoat. It… (to rain) since night.
- Is Frank in his room? What … he … (to do)? — He … (to prepare) for the French test.
- Are Sue and Liz still in the garden? They … (to water) the flowers for an hour now! — No, they … (not to water) the flowers. They … (to weed) for more than an hour.
- How long … you … (to travel) around the country? — I… (to travel) for two weeks now.
- Ron should be careful. He … (to sunbathe) since eight o’clock.
- Whom … your boss … (to shout) at? — He … (to shout) at his new manager. She … (to work) in this office for only three days.
- Cindy is worried. She … (to wait) for her parents to come home since six o’clock.
- What …they … (to write) since three o’clock? — They … (to write) an article for the scientific journal.
- Aren’t Julia and Andrew at home yet? — They are still preparing for the conference in the library. They … (to prepare) for this conference for a week now.
- How long … Mr Kane … (to wash) his car? — He … (to wash) it for more than an hour now.
Exercise 11. Переведите на английский язык.
- Они пишут диктант уже полчаса.
- Моя сестра убирает комнату с утра.
- Мальчики плавают в бассейне уже больше часа?
- Он не смотрит телевизор с утра.
- Вы читаете эту книгу уже четыре дня? — Нет, я читаю ее только два дня.
- Что она делает уже три часа? — Она готовится к экзаменам.
- Как долго дети играют в парке? — Они играют с пяти часов.
- Что ваш брат рассказывает уже двадцать минут? — Он рассказывает о своем попугае.
- Какую статью он пишет с утра? — Он пишет статью об известном ученом.
- Что они обсуждают уже больше часа? — Они обсуждают последние новости.
_____________________________________________________________________ Выполните онлайн тест 1. https://englsecrets.ru/testy/test-present-perfect-present-perfect-continuous.html (present perfert vs present perfect continuous)2. https://lizasenglish.ru/grammatika/onlajn-test-present-perfect-present-perfect-continuous.html (present perfert vs present perfect continuous)3. https://onlinetestpad.com/ru/test/44549-past-continuous-present-perfect-continuous-past-perfect (Past cont/present perfect cont./past perfect)
- Они пишут диктант уже полчаса.
- Моя сестра убирает комнату с утра.
- Мальчики плавают в бассейне уже больше часа?
- Он не смотрит телевизор с утра.
- Вы читаете эту книгу уже четыре дня? — Нет, я читаю ее только два дня.
- Что она делает уже три часа? — Она готовится к экзаменам.
- Как долго дети играют в парке? — Они играют с пяти часов.
- Что ваш брат рассказывает уже двадцать минут? — Он рассказывает о своем попугае.
- Какую статью он пишет с утра? — Он пишет статью об известном ученом.
- Что они обсуждают уже больше часа? — Они обсуждают последние новости.
_____________________________________________________________________
Выполните онлайн тест
1. https://englsecrets.ru/testy/test-present-perfect-present-perfect-continuous.html (present perfert vs present perfect continuous)
2. https://lizasenglish.ru/grammatika/onlajn-test-present-perfect-present-perfect-continuous.html (present perfert vs present perfect continuous)
3. https://onlinetestpad.com/ru/test/44549-past-continuous-present-perfect-continuous-past-perfect (Past cont/present perfect cont./past perfect)
44. The Tower of London
Тема 44: Работа с текстом The Tower. Past Perfect.
The Tower of London
The Tower of London is one of the most imposing and popular of London's historical sites. It comprises not one, but 20 towers. The oldest of which, the White Tower, dates back to the llth century and the time of William the Conqueror. Nowadays a lot of tourists visit the Tower of London, because of the Tower's evil reputation as a prison. The Tower is famous as home of the Crown Jewels. Today they can be viewed in their new jewel house. They include the Crown of Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother which contains the celebrated Indian diamond.
Many stories associated with British history come from the Tower. In 1483 King Edward IV's two sons were murdered in the so-called Bloody Tower. Over two centuries later the skeletons of two little boys were found buried beneath steps in the White Tower.
Traitor's Gate has steps leading down to the River Thames. Countless prisoners, including the future Queen Elizabeth I of England, were brought to the Tower by barge and ascended the steps before being imprisoned. For many it was their last moment of freedom before their death. But Elizabeth was released from the Tower and became Queen. The King's second wife, Anne Boleyn, was brought to trial there in 1536 and beheaded. Six years later her cousin, Catherine, Henry VIII's fifth wife, suffered the same fate. Sir Thomas More was beheaded there in 1535.
Of course, no visit to the Tower would be complete without seeing the ravens; huge black birds who are an official part of the Tower community. Legend states that if the ravens were to leave the Tower the Crown will fall, and Britain with it. Under the special care of the Raven Master, the ravens are fed a daily diet of raw meat. And there is no danger of them flying away, because their wings are clipped.
1. Ответить на вопросы:
1. How many towers does it comprise?
2. What is the most imposing and popular site in London?
3. Tell something about Traitor's Gate.
4. Who is an official part of London's community?
5. What is the Tower of London famous for?
1. How many towers does it comprise?
2. What is the most imposing and popular site in London?
3. Tell something about Traitor's Gate.
4. Who is an official part of London's community?
5. What is the Tower of London famous for?
Словарь:
imposing - заметный
imposing - заметный
jewel - драгоценность
raven - ворона
to ascend - спускаться
to comprise - включать
to be beheaded - быть обезглавленным
2. Посмотрите видео о Past Perfect и выполните упражнения для закрепления. Выпишите в тетрадь и выучите как образуется Past Perfect и слова-подсказки.
3. Предложения выписать в тетрадь полностью и подчеркнуть вставленное.
41. From the history of London
Достопримечательности Лондона.
Работа с текстом From the history of London.
Present Perfect.
From the history of London.
In the year 55 before our era a Roman legion headed by Julius Cesar crossed the English Channel that divides the British Isles from the continent of Europe. Having landed in Britain the Romans founded a military station on the northern bank of the river Thames. Being skilled in the art of building they started fortifying their settlements with thick massive walls and laying roads across the country leading to the sea coast. After staying in Britain for two centuries the Romans returned to the continent having left behind excellent roads and strong fortifications. One of the Roman settlements was called Londinium Augusta. Four centuries later, according to some historians, the capital of Britain was founded in its locality, part of the Roman wall still lying deep under the ground beneath modern London.
No other ancient monuments of Roman times have remained in the city. The earliest historical monument of English architecture is the so called Tower of London which has retained its name up to the present day. Being erected on the ruins of a Roman fortress, it consists of parts belonging to different periods of English history, its central and most ancient part being the huge square tower four story high. It was called the White Tower, deriving its name from the white stone it was built of. The White Tower was surrounded with a double row of walls with smaller towers forming the inner and outer court with the scaffold in the back of it.
2. Посмотрите видео о достопримечательностях Лондона, пройдя по ссылке
3. Подготовьте сообщение о достопримечательностях Лондона.
4. Повторите как образуется и употребляется Present Perfect.
Пройдя по ссылке, выполните
онлайн тест 1 https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_present-perfect_quiz.htm
онлайн тест 2 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-simple-1.
Пройдя по ссылке, выполните
онлайн тест 1 https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_present-perfect_quiz.htm
онлайн тест 2 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-simple-1.
Выполните тест для самоконтроля.
TEST
1.What is the official name of Great Britain now?
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northen Ireland
Great Britain
The United Kingdom of Great Britain
2. What parts does Great Britain consist of and what are their capitals?
England (London); Scotland(Cardiff); Wales(Edinburgh); Northern Ireland (Belfast).
England (London); Scotland (Edinburgh); Wales (Cardiff); Northern Ireland (Belfast)
Britain (London); Wales (Cardiff); Scotland (Edinburgh); Ireland (Belfast)
3. Britain’s population is more than… million people
56
560
5,6
4. Great Britain is separated from the continent by…
the Pacific Ocean
the Irish Sea
the English Channel
5.The head of State in Britain is ....
the Prime Ministerthe
President
the Queen
6.The National Gallery is in …
Piccadily Circus
Parliament Square
Trafalgar Square
7. The Great Fire of London broke out in…
1066
1106
8.The population of London is about
10 million
5 million
8 million
9. The oldest part of London is
the City
Westminster
the East-End
10.The Queen of England lives in
Hampton Court Palace
Buckingham Palace
The Tower of London
11. In front of Buckingham Palace there is
Nelson's Column
Albert Memorial
the Queen Victoria Memorial
12. The Prime Minister lives in
No 10 Downing Street
Parliament Square
Whitehall
13. Whitehall is
fine building
wide street leading to Parliament Square
famous museum
14. The Tower of London …
is where the Queen lives
is London's biggest art museumwas
a fortress, a palace, a prison, a zoo, and now it is a museum
15. Trafalgar Square
is Britain's main banking centre
is London's main shopping centre
was built to remember the battle of Trafalgar
16. Royal Opera House
is in Covent Garden
is famous for the Poet's Corner
is one of the most famous libraries in the world
17. St Paul's Cathedral
was built after the Great Fire of London
is for Queen Elizabeth ' home where she often stays at Christmas and Easter
is in Covent Garden
18. Oxford Street
is Britain's main banking centre
is London's main shopping centre
is famous for the Poet's Corner
19. The National Gallery
is London's biggest art museum
is one of the most famous libraries in the world
is the largest private collection in the world
20.Windsor Castle
is for Queen Elizabeth ' home where she often stays at Christmas and Easter
was a fortress, a palace, a prison, a zoo, and now it is a museum
is where the Queen lives
21.Westminster Abbey
was built after the Great Fire of London
is famous for the Poet's Corner
is one of the most famous libraries in the world
22.The City of London
is Britain's main banking centre
is London's main shopping centr
eis famous for the Poet's Corner
23.The Speaker's Corner
is in Hyde Park where anyone can make a speech
is famous for the Poet's Corner
is one of the most famous libraries in the world
24.The Serpentine
is the lake in the middle of Hyde Park
is the river in the center of London
is in Covent Garden
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